An Electric Car is a vehicle that uses an on-board power supply as a power source, drives the wheels with an electric motor, and complies with various requirements of road traffic and safety regulations. It uses electricity stored in the battery to start. Sometimes 12 or 24 batteries are used to drive the car, and sometimes more are needed.
The components of Electric Car include: electric drive and control system, mechanical systems such as drive force transmission, and working devices to complete the given tasks. The electric drive and control system is the core of Electric Car and is also different from internal combustion engine vehicles. The electric drive and control system consists of a drive motor, a power supply, and a speed control device for the motor. The other devices of Electric Car are basically the same as those of internal combustion engine vehicles.
Provide electrical energy to the drive motor of the Electric Sedan Car, and the motor converts the electrical energy of the power supply into mechanical energy. The most widely used power source is lead-acid batteries, but with the development of Electric Sedan Car technology, lead-acid batteries are gradually replaced by other batteries due to their low energy, slow charging speed, and short life. The power sources that are being developed mainly include sodium-sulfur batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, lithium batteries, fuel cells, etc. The application of these new power sources has opened up broad prospects for the development of Electric Car.
The function of the drive motor is to convert the electrical energy of the power supply into mechanical energy, and drive the wheels and working devices through the transmission device or directly. However, due to the existence of commutation sparks, DC motors have low power, low efficiency, and high maintenance workload; with the development of motor control technology, they are bound to be gradually replaced by brushless DC motors (BLDCM), switched reluctance motors (SRM) and AC asynchronous motors, such as housingless disc axial magnetic field DC series motors.